America is flooded with instructions on “how to make churches grow,” “how to evangelize,” “how to disciple,” “how to win men and women for Jesus with ‘four simple steps to becoming a Christian.’” The common objective of these “programs” is to lead a person to “accept Jesus,” to “get saved.”
It appears to us that the phrase “accepting Jesus” can be deceptive unless it is defined as “hearing, understanding, accepting and obeying the commands and words of Jesus.”
No one hearing the statement “obey your mother” would understand anything other than “obey the words of your mother,” but in religion, a startling misdefinition abounds. Jesus can apparently be accepted but not obeyed! One might be asked to “receive Jesus” without knowing what it is Jesus asks us to accept, receive or obey. “Accepting” him, “asking him into your heart” may sound both admirable and comforting, but what if the commands of Jesus are not conveyed to the convert? What if becoming a Christian is based on our own idea of what this means, rather than on the Gospel teaching of Jesus himself?
The point of raising these questions is to invite an examination of the Gospel as Jesus preached it, Christianity as he conceived it, conversion on his terms and not ours. After all, Jesus’ central thesis, repeated constantly, was that only those who hear and obey his words will achieve salvation. Did he not, in his most powerful warning, state that many in that day (the day of judgment) will claim to have preached as Christians, exorcised demons as Christians and done many marvelous miracles as Christians? But they will be tragically disappointed to find out that their efforts had been in vain. They had not been recognized as his disciples. They had not heeded his instructions (Matt. 7:21-27).
It would not hurt for us all to conduct a self-inventory. If salvation is for “those who obey him” (Heb. 5:9), would it not be natural to consider his orders to us?
His first and primary command was given in Mark 1:14, 15. Repent (a command) and believe my Gospel of the Kingdom (another command). The ringing cry of Jesus throughout the land was that the Kingdom of God was approaching. This was the Gospel from God Himself — God’s Gospel (Mark 1:14; Rom. 1:1). Jesus was the organ of that call to repentance in view of the Kingdom. People were to respond with all urgency to the command to “repent and believe God’s Gospel” about the Kingdom of God. Mark 1:14, 15 provides a summary of the Christian faith as Jesus taught it. “After John was thrown in jail, Jesus came into Galilee preaching God’s Gospel: The Kingdom of God is approaching. Repent and believe the Gospel.” The rest of the New Testament is an expansion of this opening salvo launched on the public by Jesus and valid until the future end of the age when he returns.
“Repent and believe.” The original Greek term “repent” has to do with rethinking, changing the mind, a complete reorientation in a new direction, with a new-found belief in the Kingdom of God and in Jesus the bearer of that Gospel or Good News about the Kingdom.
Repent does not just mean, “Be a better person. Give up whatever you define as sin. Be good and believe in God.” Repentance, Jesus-style, means firstly grasping the concept of the Kingdom of God, believing in that Kingdom and beginning to live in the light of that coming Kingdom. “Seek first the Kingdom of God and God’s righteousness [right way of thinking and doing] and all these other things [the necessities of life] will be added to you” (Matt. 6:33).
Jesus unpacked his command to repent and believe in the Kingdom Gospel in the famous Sermon on the Mount, and later in the parable of the sower he detailed the mechanics of the salvation process and program. He started as always with the Kingdom of God Gospel. Here is how the salvation program works. Here indeed is how immortality in the Kingdom is to be gained. The process begins when a person is confronted with the Gospel of the Kingdom as Jesus preached it.
“Whenever someone hears the Message about the Kingdom and does not understand it, the Devil comes and snatches away what is sown [seed] in his heart” (Matt. 13:19). Luke reported these words from his source with the same dramatic clarity: “Whenever someone hears the Message [of the Kingdom, Matt. 13:19] the Devil comes and snatches away the Message so that he cannot believe it and be saved” (Luke 8:12). Mark begins by reminding us that Jesus makes this parable of the sower the key to all the parables: “If you do not understand this parable, how will you understand any of the parables?” (Mark 4:13). What a brilliant key to the mind of Christ, that is, the holy spirit of Christ and of God his Father.
Mark details the sequence of events leading to conversion to Christianity. Jesus is recorded as having warned about the danger of our blindness and stubbornness, our failure in fact to believe the word and words of Jesus:
“To you [disciples] has been given the secret of the Kingdom of God, but for those outside everything is in parables, so that seeing they see but do not perceive and hearing they hear but do not understand. If they did, they would repent and be forgiven” (Mark 4:11, 12).
We propose that Jesus here makes an intelligent grasp of and response to the Gospel of the Kingdom, the condition for repentance and forgiveness.
Those words in Mark 4:11, 12 (and parallels in Matt. 13 and Luke 8) warrant close study and meditation. They open up the mind of Christ to us. There is a clear sequence. Seeing, hearing, understanding, repentance and forgiveness (we offer the acronym SHURF!).
Seeing, hearing and understanding relate expressly and specifically to the Gospel of the Kingdom of God. We note too that when Jesus preached these words of invitation to salvation, he had not yet mentioned a word about his sacrificial death, nor a word about his resurrection. Belief in the atoning death and resurrection of course are now (since they happened) also central in the Gospel, but never to the exclusion of belief in the Kingdom of God as the basis of the Gospel message.
Further examination of Jesus’ method and message in evangelism reveals that he thought of the word/Gospel of the Kingdom as the essential saving seed which must be planted in our minds. The Gospel of the Kingdom is the germ of immortality, the energizing principle of life. The Gospel message is the vehicle by which the spirit of God is transmitted to us, and that holy spirit is a down payment for the immortality which we gain fully at his future return (not at the moment of death, but at the resurrection when he comes back).
Without a seed there is no new life. Nature is the parable of the salvation process. God puts us in His laboratory surrounded by evidence of seeds as the initiating spark of creatures of all sorts, as well as of plants, flowers and trees. God’s immortality program is initiated by a seed, the seed sown in the mind, the seed defined as the Gospel of the Kingdom (Luke 8:11; Matt. 13:19).
Think of how the Devil would oppose God’s immortality program based on the vital seed of new life. Would he not try to suppress that saving seed Message of the Kingdom? Would he not obscure it by every possible means? Is that not exactly what Jesus warned in a startlingly brilliant intelligence report — a glimpse into the world of reality as it truly is? Christians need to know what the Devil is doing:
“When someone hears the Message/Gospel of the Kingdom [Matt. 13:19], the Devil takes away the Message from their hearts [i.e. as seed], so that he may not believe it and be saved” (Luke 8:12).
Salvation then hinges not only on believing that Jesus died for our sins and rose, but firstly on believing in the Gospel of God concerning the Kingdom of God, that is, the New World Order to be established in a renewed earth when Jesus returns, and how to prepare now for that great coming event.
The preaching of “salvation” today appears to lack that essential, fundamental “Kingdom” factor. While Jesus and Paul announced the Kingdom of God Gospel everywhere (Matt. 4:23; 9:35; cp. 24:14; Acts 8:12; 19:8; 20:24, 25; 28:23, 31), is the phrase Gospel of the Kingdom the central focus of sermons in church or on radio or television? We invite our readers to listen carefully for the label which Jesus gave to the Gospel. Is it clear that the Kingdom of God is being preached as the saving Gospel?
Not according to many keen observers of our religious scene. Experts in the Bible and in the science of evangelism have expressed their deep concern that the modern popular Gospel does not sound like the Gospel preaching of Jesus. Has Jesus been excluded from churches?
“There seems to have been an eclipse of the Gospel of the Kingdom of God lasting from the apostolic age down to the present…When I left the seminary I had no clear idea of the Kingdom of God and I had no place in my theology for the second coming, the Parousia…I had no concerns about the future. Thousands of books are printed and circulated every year on evangelization; most of these fall into the category of ‘how to’ manuals for churches (devising plans, strategies, methodologies and goals)…Our traditional mini-theologies (the ‘plan of salvation’ or ‘four spiritual laws’) do not do justice to the whole Gospel.
“Not all this activity or activism is a sign of health or creativity…The Good News of the Kingdom of God is not the usual way we describe the gospel and evangelization…The Kingdom of God has practically disappeared from evangelistic preaching and has been ignored by traditional ‘evangelism.’ The evangelistic message has been centered in personal salvation, individual conversion, and incorporation into the church. The Kingdom of God as a parameter or perspective or as content of the proclamation has been virtually absent…Those interested in evangelization have not yet been interested in the Kingdom theme…Why not try Jesus’ own definition of his Mission — and ours? For Jesus evangelization was no more and no less than announcing the Kingdom of God” (Dr. Mortimer Arias, Announcing the Reign of God, 1984).
“We’ve become so used to separating evangelism from the Kingdom and to interpreting evangelism in privatized, ‘spiritual’ terms that we don’t usually connect it with the Kingdom. We forget that the object of the verb evangelizomai (to announce ‘good news’) is, in the synoptic Gospels, the Kingdom. We forget that the content of the noun evangellion (the good news) is the Kingdom” (Alfred C. Krass, Evangelizing Neopagan North America, Herald Press, 1982).
What did Jesus and Paul have in mind when they preached repentance and belief based on the Kingdom of God? Certainly the message contained the vital information about the atoning death and the resurrection of Jesus, but that is not the whole of the Gospel. The Gospels contain some 30 chapters of Jesus’ Kingdom evangelism without at first any reference to his death and resurrection. Jesus’ command was that we believe in God’s Gospel of the coming Kingdom and prepare to enter it when it comes at his second coming. The meaning of the word Kingdom in the Gospel is noted by leading expositors: “The preaching of the Kingdom of God obviously refers to the Kingdom of God which will begin with the Parousia” (E. Haenchen, Acts of the Apostles, 1971, p. 141, fn. 2).
“Nothing obviously distinguishes the term Kingdom of God in Acts from such apocalyptic use as it has in the gospels” (H.J. Cadbury, Acts and Eschatology).
“Luke’s understanding of the Kingdom of God is that it is still in the future and it will mean the restoration of Israel” (Kevin Giles, Reformed Theological Review, Sept. 1981). He goes on to quote J. Jervell, who refers to the Apostles’ question about the restoration of the Kingdom to Israel and says: “Luke’s theology anticipated a restored Israel” (Luke and the People of God, 1972, pp. 41ff., 72).
Cadbury: “Acts includes many familiar elements in NT preaching. The preachers preach the Kingdom of God or the things about it (Acts 1:3; 8:12; 20:25; 28:23, 31). The term Kingdom of God appears from almost the first verse to the last verse in the book. Kingdom of God constitutes a formula apparently parallel to the writer’s more characterize single verb ‘evangelize.’ Nothing obviously distinguishes the term Kingdom of God in Acts from such apocalyptic use as it has in the synoptic gospels. For example one enters it through much tribulation (Acts 14:22).”
Haenchen on Acts 28:23: “The Kingdom of God and the Name of Jesus Christ properly stand side by side. The second expression refers to the death and resurrection attested in the holy Scriptures and therefore the Messiahship of Jesus. Kingdom of God itself describes the entire Christian proclamation: so in 19:8, 20:25 and 1:3 it also has this meaning. If, on the other hand, as here and in 8:12 and 28:31 it is mentioned along with the events of Jesus, then it has the futuristic meaning of which 14:22 speaks. At the Parousia the future Kingdom will come with the returning Jesus (Luke 21:31). Paul’s efforts to win the Jews lasted throughout the day. This shows how keen he was to win them” (p. 773).
“In Acts the term Kingdom of God is used only of a future event. The Kingdom will have a glorious and public manifestation in the future…Like the creative word in Genesis (1:3) the word of the Kingdom contains within it the reality of the new creation itself. Nevertheless the Kingdom also remains in the future and its coming is associated with the Parousia, the glorious appearance of Jesus at the close of the age (Luke 19:11; 22:29; 11:2; Acts 1:7, 11). Eternal Life awaits the age to come (Lk 18:30). By their response to the Kingdom Message men reveal whether they are destined for the ‘life of the age to come’ (Lk 8:1-18; Acts 13:46, 48)” (Earle Ellis, Luke, New Century Bible, p. 13).
The Apostles Were Masters of the Gospel of the Kingdom of God
The parable of the seed and the sower defines the Gospel as the Gospel or word about the Kingdom of God and invites us to repent and be forgiven by believing God’s Gospel of the Kingdom preached by Jesus (Matt. 13:19; Mark 4:11, 12; Luke 8:11, 12).
When the Apostles preached the Gospel they followed the example of Jesus precisely. In 1 Peter 1:22-25, Peter, who had heard Jesus preach the Kingdom Gospel everywhere, repeats the “mechanics” of the saving process. “Having purified yourselves by your obedience to the Truth for a sincere love of the brothers and sisters, love one another earnestly from the heart. You have been born again not from perishable seed, but from imperishable seed, through the living and abiding word of God…That word is the Gospel which was preached to you.” Every one of Jesus’ key Gospel words is repeated here: “born again” (John 3:3), “seed” (Luke 8:11), “word” (Matt. 13:19), “Gospel” (Mark 1:14, 15).
Paul speaks likewise in Galatians 4:29 of those who have been “born of the spirit” (cp. John 3:5). In the same passage he refers to the rebirth as caused by “the promise” (vv. 23, 28). Jesus in John refers the rebirth to the spirit (John 3:5) and describes the same salvation in John 5:24: “He who hears my word [Gospel] and believes Him who sent me has the life of the age to come.” Paul echoes the same scheme for gaining immortality: “He saved us…by His own mercy by the washing of rebirth and renewal by the holy spirit” (Titus 3:5). James expresses the same salvation in terms of God “giving us birth by the word of Truth so that we should be a kind of first fruits of his creation” (James 1:18). He speaks of the word being implanted in us (v. 21, cp. seed).
Paul rehearses the process by which we become Christians by tracing it to our reception of the word of the Gospel and equating this with the reception of spirit: “Did you receive the spirit by the works of the law or by hearing with faith?” (Gal. 3:2). And again in Ephesians 1:13: “You have heard the word of Truth, the Gospel of your salvation, and have believed in him, and were sealed with the holy spirit of the promise.”
We can sum up this unanimous view of Christian salvation expressed by Jesus and the Apostles by pointing to the vital necessity of receiving in our minds the seed (Luke 8:11) of immortality transferred to us via Jesus’ Gospel of the Kingdom. John reflects exactly the same point of view: “No one born of God continues in sin, for God’s seed abides in him and he cannot sin because he is born of God” (I John 3:9). And the whole process goes back to the Gospel of the Kingdom of God: “Whoever does not receive the Kingdom of God like a child will not enter it” (Luke 18:17). The astonishing goal of this process is that Christians are to be given the Kingdom: “Fear not, little flock, for it is your Father’s good pleasure to give you the Kingdom” (Luke 12:32).
It is hardly surprising that the Apostles would strain every nerve to warn us never to depart from the Gospel as Jesus preached it. “How shall we [Christians] escape if we neglect so great a salvation which was first declared by the Lord?” (Heb. 2:3). “Anyone who ‘progresses’ and does not abide in the teaching of Christ does not have God. He who abides in the doctrine of Christ has both the Father and the Son” (2 John 9). “If anyone teaches otherwise and does not agree with the health-giving words of our Lord Jesus Christ and the teaching which accords with godliness…he knows nothing” (I Tim. 6:3, 4).
Gospel of the Kingdom, seed, word, truth, seeing, hearing, understanding, repentance and forgiveness: these words form the fundamental vocabulary of the salvation program given us by God through Jesus. When these defining terms are absent from sermons and tracts, there is cause for concern that vital elements of Jesus’ saving Gospel are being suppressed. Take a simple example: Jesus spoke always of the Kingdom as the Christian objective and promised his followers that they will inherit the land or the earth (Matt. 5:5; cp. Rev. 5:10).
Jesus promised no one “heaven,” but rather entrance in the future into the Kingdom of God on earth. The process of salvation was according to Jesus conditioned on the reception of his own Kingdom of God Gospel. “If they do not receive that Gospel of the Kingdom they cannot return [repent] and be forgiven” (see Mark 4:11, 12).
Defining the Gospel as Jesus defined it remains the one crucial and urgent issue facing churchgoers today, when the threat of “entertainment” in the name of Jesus or inadequate exposure to the biblical text threatens us on all sides. Luke 8:12 is a fair warning!
The public should be aware also of the extraordinary mistake of the celebrated C.S. Lewis who wrote: “The Gospels are not ‘the Gospel,’ the statement of the Christian belief” (Introduction to J.B. Phillips’ Letters to Young Churches, p. 10). This systematic misunderstanding goes back to Martin Luther who wrote: “Therefore St. Paul’s epistles are more a Gospel than Matthew, Mark and Luke. For these do not set down much more than the works and miracles of Christ; but the grace which we receive through Christ no one so boldly extols as St. Paul, especially in his letter to the Romans” (Moore, History of Religions, Scribners, 1920, p. 320).
If that is really so then Jesus was not a preacher of the Gospel and Christianity is undermined at its foundation.²
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